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・ "Our Contemporary" regional art exhibition (Leningrad, 1975)
・ "P" Is for Peril
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・ "Rags" Ragland
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・ ! (disambiguation)
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・ !!Destroy-Oh-Boy!!
・ !Action Pact!
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・ !Hero
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・ !Kung language
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・ !T.O.O.H.!
・ !Women Art Revolution


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hybrid open access journal : ウィキペディア英語版
hybrid open access journal

A hybrid open access journal is an subscription journal in which some of the articles are open access. This status typically requires the payment of a publication fee (also called an article processing charge or APC) to the publisher.
==History==

The concept was first proposed in 1998 when Thomas Walker suggested that authors could purchase extra visibility at a price. The first journal recognized as using this model was Walker's own ''Florida Journal of Entomology''; it was later extended to the other publications of the Entomological Society of America. The idea was later refined by David Prosser in 2003 in the journal ''Learned Publishing''.
Publishers that offer a hybrid open access option often use different names for it. The SHERPA/RoMEO site provides a list of publishers and the names of their options.〔http://www.sherpa.ac.uk/romeo/PaidOA.html〕
Hybrid journals are low risk for publishers to set up, because they still receive subscription income, but the high price of hybrid APCs has led to low uptake of the hybrid open access option. In 2014 the average APC for hybrid journals was calculated to be almost twice as high as APCs from full open access publishers.

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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